In this transcription, paired _underscores_ denote _italicised text_. A single underscore preceding curly brackets indicates that the bracketed character is subscripted (mostly in chemical formulae, e.g. CO_{2}). Footnotes have been positioned below the relevant paragraphs. Punctuation inconsistencies have been corrected silently, except for those occurring in footnote reference sources, which remain as in the original.…
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