Condition of the Jews in Poland before the Outbreak of Persecution--Influence of the Jesuits--Characteristics of Poles and Jews--The Home of the Cossacks--Repression of the Cossacks by the Government--Jews appointed as Tax Farmers --Jurisdiction of the Synods--The Study of the Talmud in Poland--Hebrew Literature in that Country becomes entirely Rabbinical--Character of Polish Judaism--Jews and Cossacks --Chmielnicki--Sufferings of the Jews in Consequence of his Successes--The Tartar Haidamaks--Fearful Massacres in Nemirov, Tulczyn, and Homel--Prince Vishnioviecki-- Massacres at Polonnoie, Lemberg, Narol, and in Other Towns-- John Casimir--Lipmann Heller and Sabbataï Cohen--Renewal of the War…
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